CHEN Dan-long;YANG Fang;LUO Zhi-ying;XIE Huan-zhang;DONG Hai-yan;JIA Li
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin,No. 02
The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in February 2003 in Guangdong, China, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in September 2012 in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the current COVID-19 in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, are all caused by coronaviruses (CoVs), and patients primarily died of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Compared with the over-five-year wreaking havoc from MERS-CoV and Ebor virus in Africa, SARS-CoV was contained within one year in China, which shows the advantage of China in political governanc. Many CoVs have been separated and their molecular structures have been analyzed. However, there is no specific anti-CoV drug developed in the world since the outbreaks. The problems come from not only pharmaceutical technology
per se that must treat both CoVs and their life-threatening ARDS, but also the small size of patients who can resist the CoVs after infection, resulting in pharmaceutical reluctance to invest in the field. Facing both the pharmaceutical and social-economic bottlenecks, we summarize the current development of anti-CoV drugs and propose the strategies of repurposing existing drugs and preparing their pharmacological combinations to fight the viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on the well understanding of how the CoVs enter the host and damage our respiratory system.
HU Meilin;DONG Ruolan;CHEN Guang;DONG Hui;ZHANG Mingmin;LU Fuer;TU Shenghao
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine,No. 02
ZHU Ying;XU Dong;HU Lei;HUA Chen;CHEN Zhi-Feng;ZHANG Zhen-Zhen;ZHOU Nian-Bing;LIU Guo-Dong;ZHANG Hong-Cheng;WEI Hai-Yan
Acta Agronomica Sinica,Vol 45,No. 04
A field experiment was conducted with 103 medium-maturity conventional
japonica rice cultivars (lines) including main cultivars in Jianghuai area and released cultivars in recent years with potential productivity, from which three types [good taste and high yield (GTHY), good taste and medium yield (GTMY), and medium taste and high yield (MTHY)] were selected to explore the characteristics of cultivars with good taste and high yield in Jianghuai area. There was no significant difference in processing quality between GTHY type and MTHY type. Compared with MTHY type, GTHY type was 82.06%, 56.34%, and 93.28% higher in chalkiness rate, chalkiness area ratio and chalkiness degree, 14.21% and 39.78% lower in protein content and amylose content, 8.73% higher in gel consistency, and 282.11% and 37.88% lower in setback and consistence, respectively. The yield of GTHY type was 26.73% higher than that of GTMY type, due to large number of grains per panicle and high seed-setting rate. The panicles per unit land area was 22.26% lower, the number of grains per panicle and seed-setting rate were 42.12% and 6.18% higher, the ratio of productive tillers to total tillers was 4.2% higher in GTHY type than those in GTMY type. The LAI of GTHY type during heading and maturity stages was 5.47% and 16.94% higher and the decay rate of LAI was 7.25% lower than that of GTMY type. From heading to maturity, the dry matter accumulation and its ratio, the photosynthetic potential, the crop growth rate, the net assimilation rate and seed-setting density were 24.07%, 15.50%, 17.59%, 13.96%, 3.67%, and 40.33% respectively higher in GTHY type than those in GTMY type. Therefore, GTHY type of medium-maturity conventional
japonica rice has the following characteristics: The brown rice rate and the head milled rice rate reach the 1 grade of Chinese standard; the transparency is from grade 3 to grade 5; the protein content is around 8% and the amylose content is around 10%; the gel consistency is over 75 mm; the setback is below –300 cP and the consistence is below 600 cP; the number of panicles per unit land area is around 310 × 10
4 ha
–1, and the grain number per panicle is around 140. It can keep the dry matter accumulation and the leaf area index in optimum ranges before heading and remain the LAI, the dry matter accumulation and its ratios at high levels after heading.
GOU Baohua;GUAN Huimin;GAO Liyan;DING Bingjie;BI Yanxia
Chinese Journal of Nursing,Vol 54,No. 04
Objective To explore the preventive effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus in high-risk pregnant women.
Methods It was a randomized controlled trial. High-risk pregnant women were randomly classified into the experimental group and the control group. In addition to nursing care in the control group, the experimental group received comprehensive nursing intervention, including: the establishing WeChat public account for health education and answering questions, monitoring and guiding weight, regular follow-up, guidance from a nutritionist. The control group received routine obstetric care. All subjects received pregnancy care manual, participated the course of “nutrition and weight management during pregnancy” at least once, and received a questionnaire about lifestyle and diet. The subjects were followed up until delivery. The blood glucose of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT), BMI before pregnancy, weight at delivery, occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded.
Results The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the experimental group was 19.9% and it was 33.6% for the control group, with significant difference (
P < 0.05). The weight gain of the experimental group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (
P < 0.05). The incidence of macrosomia in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (
P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of cesarean section and premature delivery between two groups (
P > 0.05).
Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention in early pregnancy can effectively reduce the incidence of GDM in high-risk population, reduce weight gain during pregnancy, and reduce the incidence of macrosomia.
HE Qin;YE Xu-xing;XU Bin
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine,No. 03
