YE Xi-Miao;CHENG Xin;AN Cong-Cong;YUAN Jian-Long;YU Bin;WEN Guo-Hong;LI Gao-Feng;CHENG Li-Xiang;WANG Yu-Ping;ZHANG Feng
Acta Agronomica Sinica,2020,Vol 46,No. 03
This study mainly focused on the application of GGE (genotype plus genotype-by-environment interaction) biplot in potato breeding, to evaluate the productivity, stability and adaptability of yield components of potato lines in different environments comprehensively, and screen out the excellent lines adapted to different mega-environments. The representativeness and discriminating ability of each test-environment were also evaluated, providing a basis for the selection of test-environment. A total of 101 advanced lines from International Potato Center (CIP) and the potato variety Qingshu 9 were planted in Neiguan Town, Lujiagou Town and Wuzhu Town of Gansu province in 2015 and 2016. The plot yield, plot yield of large-sized tubers, plot yield of small-sized tubers, yield per plant, large-sized tuber yield per plant, small-sized tuber yield per plant, tuber number per plant, large-sized tuber number per plant and small-sized tuber number per plant were measured. The genotype and environment interactions were analyzed by the combined analysis of variance and GGE biplot. Except that plot yield of small-sized tubers was insignificantly affected by genotype × environment interaction, all the other yield components were significantly (P < 0.01) affected by genotype effect, environmental effect and genotype × environment interaction. The square sum of environmental effect on the plot yield, plot yield of large-sized tubers, plot yield of small-sized tubers, yield per plant, large-sized tuber yield per plant, and tuber number per plant, as well as the square sum of genotype × environment interaction effect on the plot yield of small-sized tubers, the large-sized tuber number per plant, and the small-sized tuber number per plant had the largest proportion in the square sum of total variance. The most adaptable line was G86 in Lujiagou Town, G65 in Wuzhu Town, and G86 in Neiguan Town. The high-yield lines were G86, G116, and G124; the stable-yield lines were G124, G125, and G10; the high- and stable-yield lines were G86, G116, G124, and Qingshu 9. The lines with more large-sized tuber number per plant were G45, G86, and G67, and the lines with good stability were G67, G116, and G51. Qingshu 9 did not have stable large-sized tuber yield per plant. According to the comprehensive discrimination and representativeness, the order of test-environments were Lujiagou Town in 2016, Lujiagou Town in 2015, Wuzhu Town in 2015, Wuzhu Town in 2016, Neiguan Town in 2015, and Neiguan Town in 2016. GGE model can intuitively display the results in the genotype-location-year framework, and objectively evaluate the productivity, stability and adaptability of tested lines, as well as the representativeness and discriminating ability of test-environment. According to the comprehensive evaluation of GGE model, the high-yield and stable lines were G116, G124, G125, G122, and Qingshu 9, and the high-yield and unstable lines were G86, G10, G121, G106, G107, and G72. The most ideal mega-environment is Lujiagou Town, and Wuzhu Town is the test-environment with the strongest discriminating ability for potato lines.
LU Ya;WANG Chun-Xiao;YU Tian-Yi;ZHOU Jing;SUN Xue-Wu;FENG Hao;SUN Xiu-Shan;WANG Peng;JIAO Yan-Lin;LI Lin;WANG Cai-Bin
Acta Agronomica Sinica,2020,Vol 46,No. 03
Spraying P fertilizer is an important supplement for applying P fertilizer in soil. A pot experiment with nutrient solution was conducted to study the effect of foliar fertilizer with different P concentrations on peanut root morphology, nodule characteristics, leaf N metabolic enzymes and dry weight of plant under adequate and stress P conditions, respectively. At pod-setting and -fulling stages, spraying P fertilizer improved growth of root and nodule, and enhanced activities of N metabolic enzymes in leaves. The increment of each parameter under P 0.2% treatment was larger than that under P 0.1% treatment. At harvest stage, relevant parameters of peanut root, nodule and N metabolism in P 0.2% treatment were lower than those in P 0.1% treatment with adequate soil P. High foliar P fertilizer resulted in senescence of plant. Spraying P fertilizer could improve the parameters mentioned above under soil P stress condition. The parameters of P 0.2% treatment were equal to or a little higher than those of P 0.1% treatment. Foliar P fertilizer increased N, P accumulation and dry weight of different organs. Under adequate soil P condition, the increments of pod N, P accumulation and dry weight in P 0.1% treatment were larger than those in P 0.2% treatment, and the responses of the parameters in others organs (root, stem, leaf and peg) to foliar P fertilizer were adverse. Under P stress condition, the parameters increased with the increase in foliar P level. The yield increase caused by spraying P fertilizer was because of the improvement of pod number per plant. In conclusion, the suitable foliar P concentrations under adequate soil P and stress conditions were 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively. In peanut production, we should choose suitable content of foliar P fertilizer according to soil P level.
