Supervisor(s):Chinese Pharmaceutical Association Sponsor(s):Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research；Chinese Pharmaceutical Association ISSN:0253-2670 CN:12-1108/R
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs is supervised by Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and sponsored by Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Chinese Pharmaceutical Association. Launched in 1970, the journal is an academic journal with a broad scope in publishing research papers, brief reports, reviews, dissertations, and special treatises on the recent achievements of basic study, production, quality control, and clinic application on traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese materia medica.
The journal is included in CA, JST and CSCD.
Objective In order to establish an effective and fast recognition method based on odor, Heracles Neo ultra-fast gas chromatography electronic nose was used to study the rapid identification of odor difference markers in Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma before and after vinegar with processing. Methods Through the establishment of Heracles Neo detection method for raw Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma pieces and vinegar Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma pieces, combined with arochembase database, principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant factor analysis (DFA), and variable importance in the projection (VIP) were used to process and analyze the chromatographic peak data. Results According to Heracles Neo, there were 18 chromatographic peaks in Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma pieces, 17 odor components were characterized by arochembase database. PCA and DFA could distinguish raw and vinegar Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma pieces accurately. Through the analysis of VIP value in opls-da model, the VIP of No. 5, No. 6 and No. 10 chromatographic peaks were > 1.0 under MXT-5 and MXT-1701 chromatographic columns. Therefore, it was speculated that γ- terpinene, linalool and decyl acetate are potential odor markers of raw and vinegar Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma pieces. Conclusion Heracles Neo can be applied to the rapid identification of odor difference markers in raw and vinegar Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma pieces, which have important application value.
Objective Aflatoxins (AFTs) producing strains (referred to as toxin-producing microorganism) during the processing of Sojae Semen Preaparatum (SSP) were screened, identified, quantitatively analyzed, and tested for their toxin-producing ability. Methods Preliminary screening of various toxin-producing microorganism in SSP processing by ultraviolet fluorescence method, then count the colonies; Analyse the 18S rDNA of those strains by PCR amplification and sequencing. The sequences are compared by NCBI homology, and the phylogenetic tree be constructed by MEGA 7.0 for molecular biology identification; Ultra performance liquidchromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) were used to detect the AFTs content in the culture solution of each strain to determine their toxin-producing ability. Results Fifteen toxin-producing strains were screened and identified by ultraviolet fluorescence & molecular biology analyze, which were Aspergillus flavus or A. tamarii; During the processing of SSP, the toxin-producing microorganism gradually increased during the ‘yellow cladding’ stage, and it became the maximum at the 6th day, which was 1×106.30 CFU/g, then it gradually decreased in the ‘secondary fermentation’ stage, even no toxin-producing strains be found during day 9 to day 15; With UPLC-MS/MS, we found that five strains did not produce toxin, 10 strains produced toxin. Though they can make toxin, all the toxin the microorganism made below 5 ng/mL. It’s much lower than A. flavus standard strain (654.90 ng/mL). Conclusion In the processing of SSP, some A. flavus and A. tamarii with different toxin-producing ability were found, and these strains increased at first and decreased later. This study will lay the foundation for studying the law and mechanism of AFTs content changing in SSP processing. It also proved the importance of ‘secondary fermentation’ and the rationality of ‘secondary fermentation’ time, from the perspective of safety for the first time.
Objective In this study, chlorine and nitrogen doped carbon dots (Cl/N-CDs) were used as fluorescent probes. Based on the internal filtration effect between Cl/N-CDs and chlorogenic acid to quench Cl/N-fluorescence of CDs, a new method for fluorescence detection of chlorogenic acid has been established. Methods The Cl/N-CDs were synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method using the eutectic solvent formed by choline chloride/urea and citric acid as raw materials. The optical properties, morphology, and related groups of Cl/N-CDs were characterized by TEM, UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, and XPS. Results In the range of 0.47–62.70 μg/mL, the fluorescence quenching of Cl/N-CDs by chlorogenic acid showed a good linear relationship, and the detection limit of chlorogenic acid in the extract could reach 36 ng/mL. Among the different chlorogenic acid extraction methods, choline chloride/urea eutectic solvent used as the extractant has the highest extraction efficiency for chlorogenic acid in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF). Conclusion The eutectic solvent is used as the raw material for carbon dot preparation and the chlorogenic acid extraction solvent, which can play the dual role of chlorogenic acid extraction and detection, and provide new research ideas for the quality evaluation of LJF.
Objective In order to reduce non-specific binding sites, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIPs) of chikusetsusaponin IVa (CS-IVa) with rosin macromolecular skeleton was prepared and its adsorption performance was studied. The research provided a theoretical basis for the development of separation material with higher selectivity. Methods The MIPs of CS-IVa were prepared using dehydroabietic acid [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] ester as functional monomer. The polymer was characterized by IR, SEM, BET, and TGA. The adsorption performance of MIPs was investigated by adsorption kinetics experiment, static adsorption experiment, repeated regeneration experiment, and desorption experiment. MIPs was applied to the separation of CS-IVa from Panacis Majoris Rhizoma (PMR) extract. Results The prepared polymer has regular morphology and mesoporous structure. According to the results of static adsorption experiment, the imprinting factor was 1.58. The Scatchard analysis reveals that there were two binding sites in the MIPs. The apparent maximal combination amount was 270 mg/g in high affinity recognition sites, with 142.01 mg/g in low affinity recognition sites. After repeated use for 5 times, the maximum adsorption capacity of the polymer was only reduced by 13%. The resolution was 83.7%. Compared with the C18 column, the MIPs showed a significant separation effect on extracts of PMR. Conclusion The prepared polymer has good adsorption properties for CS-IVa and can be reused for several times. It is a potential new material for the separation of CS-IVa. This study can also provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the separation of other saponins.
Objective To solve the problem of poor biological distribution and difficulty in crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB) of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in glioma treatment, a pH-responsive ternary complex drug delivery system of ATO-BSA@Ce6 was constructed based on bovine serum albumin (BSA), where arsenic trioxide (ATO) was loaded through the formation of arsenic sulfur bond, and the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) was connected through amidation reaction. Methods The ternary complex nanoparticle, ATO-BSA@Ce6, was prepared by combining ATO and Ce6 with BSA through arsenic-sulfur bonds and the amidation reaction, respectively. The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and ζ potential of ATO-BSA@Ce6 were measured by Malvern particle size analyzer. The morphology was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-vis absorption spectra were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The fluorescence spectrum and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated by fluorescence spectrophotometer. The loading of ATO was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of ATO and Ce6 were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and UV-vis spectrophotometer, respectively. The in vitro release behaviors at different pH conditions were investigated by dialysis bag method. The cellular uptake, uptake mechanism and intracellular ROS level were observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The toxicity of free ATO and ATO-BSA@Ce6 on GL261 cells was investigated by MTT assay and LIVE/DEAD cell viability detection kit. The brain targeting was investigated by tail vein injection in mice. Results The drug delivery system (ATO-BSA@Ce6) was constructed successfully, and its morphology was regular, with a round spherical distribution and uniform size. The particle size and ζ potential were (112.73 ± 4.91) nm and (−10.86 ± 1.19) mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of ATO was (66.72 ± 1.43)%, and drug loading efficiency was (10.83 ± 0.21)%; The encapsulation efficiency of Ce6 was (91.50 ± 0.51)%, and the drug loading efficiency was (3.45 ± 0.32)%. The results of UV-vis absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and FTIR spectra proved the successful connection of Ce6 and ATO to BSA. In vitro ROS generation experiments showed that the combination of Ce6 and BSA did not affect its ROS production. In vitro release study showed that ATO and Ce6 had pH responsive drug release. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity assay showed a strong ability of cellular uptake and anti-tumor activity in vitro. In vivo live imaging showed that ATO-BSA@Ce6 could across the BBB and reach the brain. Conclusion The ATO-BSA@Ce6 nano-delivery system can effectively increase the transport of ATO across the BBB, enhance the cytotoxicity to GL261 cells, providing a novel strategy for the treatment of glioma.
Objective The chemical compositions and antibacterial activities of the wood vinegar of Cornus officinalis fruit core with different pyrolysis temperatures were evaluated, and the optimal pyrolysis temperature was screen out, so as to provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of sC. officinalis fruit core resources. Methods The dry distillation method (306–600 °C) was used to prepare wood vinegar from C. officinalis fruit core, and the vinegar samples were collected every time the temperature rises by 50 °C. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis their compositions. The inhibition effect of C. officinalis fruits core wood vinegar on Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentery and Staphylococcus aureus was determined by filter paper method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of wood vinegar obtained with optimal temperature was determined by broth dilution method. Results A total of 62 compounds in the wood vinegar were identified by GC-MS analysis. Among them, 10 compounds (acetic acid, furfural, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, n-butyric acid, isovaleric acid, n-valeric acid, guaiacol, cyclotene, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol) with relatively high content were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the contents of 10 compounds except furfural were the highest in wood vinegar (W506–556) collected at 506–556 °C, and the content of propionic acid was up to 45.07 mg/mL; The results of bacteriostatic test showed that W506–556 had the best bacteriostatic effect on E. coli, S. dysentery and S. aureus, and the MICs were 0.781 25%, 0.781 25% and 1.562 50%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the antibacterial activity of C. officinalis fruit core wood vinegar was closely related to the contents of organic acids and phenols. Conclusion There were differences in chemical composition and content of C. officinalis fruit core wood vinegar pyrolyzed at different temperatures. The wood vinegar obtained at 506–556 °C had better antibacterial activity. The wood vinegar can be used as a new way of resource utilization for C. officinalis fruit core.
Objective To explore the active constituents of YQZ (Yinhua Qinghao Zhizi Description, YQZ) against Coxsavirus A6 (CV-A6). Methods Active constituents were extracted and isolated from YQZ and identified, which was proceeded with virus inhibition rate as the evaluation index. Molecule docking between active constituents and target protein was performed using Discovery Studio 2017 software. Results Compared with ribavirin, the virus inhibition rate of artemisic acid and artemisinin seperated from petroleum ether extract, and geniposide, chlorogenic acid as well as luteoloside from n-Butanol extract from YQZ ethanol extract was significantly higher (P < 0.01, 0.05). Dense interaction involving hydrogen bonds and van der waals force, etc. exsited between molecules of the aboved constituents and CV-A6 capsid protein VP1. Conclusion Artemisic acid, artemisinin, geniposide, chlorogenic acid, and luteoloside in YQZ has significant anti-CV-A6 effect, which may be ralated with the inhibition of capsid protein VP1.
Objective To study the chemical constituents from Diaphragma juglandis Fructus. Methods The chemical constitutes were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS, preparative MPLC, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated based on 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. Results Five fatty acids compounds were isolated and identified from Diaphragma juglandis Fructus. The structures of 1 and 2 were established and named juglans acid ester A (1) and juglans acid ester B (2), respectively. The other compounds were identified as pinellic acid (3), (Z)-11R,12S,13S-trihydroxy-9-octadecenoate (4), and 9S,12S,13S-trihydroxy-octadeca-10E,15Z-dienoic acid (5). Conclusions Compounds 1 and 2 are new fatty acid esters. Compounds 3–5 are isolated from Juglans regia for the first time.
Objective To study the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract from the roots of Zanthoxylum pashanense and their anti-inflammatory effects. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica, MCI and column chromatography (CC), and the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties, HRESIMS and spectral data. All of the compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified as 15-hydroxy-podocarpamide (1), podocarpamide (2), beecheyamide (3), (−)-N-acetylanonaine (4), (−)-N-acetylxylopine (5), γ-fagarine (6), and dictamnine (7). The experiment of anti-inflammatory effects showed that compounds 1–5 had different inhibitory effects on the production of inflammatory factors. Conclusion Compound 1 was a new amide alkaloid named 15-hydroxy-podocarpamide. Its 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data was completely assigned on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic evidence for the first time. Activity assay showed that compounds 1–5 inhibited for NO, TNF-α and IL-1β at different levels. Among them, compound 4 presented strong inhibitory effect on NO, TNF-α, IL-1β production with IC50 values of (13.64 ± 0.32), (27.27 ± 2.86), (29.54 ± 0.20) μmol/L, respectively.
Objective To analyze the UPLC fingerprints data of Mume Flos using chemical pattern recognition technology, screen the characteristic components and perform quantitative analysis, so as to provide scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Mume Flos. Methods A total of 30 batches of Mume Flos samples from three production areas were collected, and the UPLC fingerprint of Mume Flos was established. The main characteristic peaks were identified by comparison with reference materials, and similarity analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis by partial least squaremethod (PLS-DA) were used to identify and analyze the characteristic components in Mume Flos from three producing areas, and the quantitative analysis was carried out. Results Eight common peaks were calibrated from UPLC fingerprints of 30 batches of Mume Flos, and the similarity was between 0.816–0.969. Through clustering analysis, PCA and PLS-DA, each producing area of Mume Flos was better distinguished. Chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperin and isoquercitrin were screened as Q-Markers by comprehensive analysis, and the mass fractions were 3.08%–4.71%, 0.41%–0.71%, 0.13%–0.25% and 0.25%–0.38%, respectively. Conclusion Themethod of fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition technology can effectively screen the quality markers of Mume Flos from different producing areas, and provide a reference for the quality evaluation of Mume Flos.
