FANG Shinan
Huxiang Forum,2022,No. 01
Since the global COVID-19 attack, in view of major and severe questions of the times, for example, how to maintain the life safety and health of humanity and where the global public health governance will go and how it will be done, Xi Jinping has made a series of important discussions on the building of a global community of health for all with a global vision and a strong sense of international responsibility, a broad political mind in seeking happiness for the people, rejuvenation for the nation, and great unity for mankind, China’s strong determination to join hands with the people of other countries to protect the life safety and health of the people of the world, and a strategic vision of promoting the reform of global governance and building a new pattern of a global community of health for all. These important discussions reveal the deep human feelings of safeguarding the common interests of life safety and health of humanity, realizing the common well-being of the people around the world, and striving to protect the common earth home of mankind. They are the inheritance and development of Marxism on the theory of world history, the theory of human nature, the thought of a community of free individuals, and the excellent traditional Chinese culture and theoretical innovation results that deeply reflect the major problems existing in global public health governance. These theoretical innovation results, full of profound human feelings, have pointed out the direction and provided practical guidance for responding to the global public health crisis, strengthening global cooperative governance, and creating a bright future of human development.
PENG Jiquan
Journal of Macro-quality Research,2022,No. 04
Migrant workers in cities are the main potential group of relative poverty, so building a high-quality identification system of relative poverty is the foundation to achieve high-quality poverty alleviation for migrant workers. Urbanization and industrialization have attracted a large number of rural surplus laborers to enter cities and towns as migrant workers, which has created 290 million migrant workers in China. After some rural absolute poor people enter cities and towns, they get higher wages than their original places of residence, thus reducing the absolute poor people in the whole society, but they are still in a relatively poor state compared with urban residents. After another part of rural non-absolute poor people enter the city, since it is difficult for them to enjoy the same treatment as urban residents, and there is no complete social security system for migrant workers in society, it leads migrant workers to be in a “vacuum zone” between rural poverty alleviation system and urban social assistance system, resulting in the rural non-absolute poor people being in a relatively poor state in cities and towns. Based on the MPI of UNDP, this paper constructs the multidimensional relative poverty identification system of migrant workers by using the data of four follow-up surveys in China, and the multidimensional relative poverty index of migrant workers is dynamically measured and decomposed from the perspective of gender differences by using the classical FGT method and the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method of the nonlinear model. The results show that the multidimensional relative poverty of migrant workers decreases year by year, but the multidimensional relative poverty of male migrant workers is serious. The dynamic measurement of the process of multidimensional relative poverty shows that male migrant workers are stubborn and repetitive in multidimensional relative poverty, and the dynamic measurement of the result of multidimensional relative poverty shows that temporary poverty and chronic poverty of male migrant workers are serious. Classical decomposition of the FGT indices shows that the contribution source of the multidimensional relative poverty index of various types of dynamic processes and dynamic results is mainly male migrant workers. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition results show that gender discrimination is the main reason for the probability difference of migrant workers’ types of multidimensional relative poverty dynamics, and the gender discrimination suffered by chronic poverty is the most serious. The possible marginal contributions of this paper are as follows. Firstly, although some studies have tried to construct the index system of migrant workers’ relative poverty, few of them are selected from the perspective of the quality of poverty identification, and more are still selected according to the traditional poverty identification dimension. This study constructs a high-quality index system of migrant workers’ relative poverty from the aspects of income quality, education quality, health quality, life quality, employment quality, and integration quality. Secondly, the generation and governance of poverty are closely related to the individual endowment, and gender difference is the most basic feature of the individual endowment. This study attempts to analyze the relative poverty of migrant workers from the perspective of gender to identify poverty problems with higher quality and put forward targeted governance measures.
LI Yanping;LI Le
Journal of Macro-quality Research,2022,No. 05
The human resource service industry is an important part of the producer service industry and modern service industry. It plays an important role in socialized employment, giving full play to the advantages of human resources in China and serving economic and social development. The Chinese government has always attached great importance to the development of the human resources service industry. Especially since the 19th National Congress of the CPC, China has entered a high-quality development stage, which puts forward new and higher requirements for the development of the human resources service industry. Therefore, it is important to build an evaluation system for the high-quality development of the human resources service industry, scientifically understand the development status of the human resources service industry, and promote the high-quality development of the human resources service industry because it can achieve fuller and higher-quality employment, maintain the advantages of human resources endowment, and promote the high-quality development of economy and society. High-quality development is a brand-new problem faced by the development with Chinese characteristics, and the related research in academic communities has just started, especially the research on high-quality development of the human resources service industry is still rare. It is a hot topic in theoretical and practical fields of how to understand the connotation of high-quality development of human resources service industry, scientifically construct the evaluation system of high-quality development of human resources service industry, objectively understand the current high-quality development level and dynamic evolution of human resources service industry in China, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of high-quality development of human resources service industry in China, and effectively exert its advantages to promote high-quality development of human resources service industry in China. This paper defines the connotation of high-quality development of the human resource service industry and constructs an evaluation index system of high-quality development of the human resource service industry from five dimensions, namely, scale growth, structural optimization, innovation-driven development, coordinated development, and opening up. The entropy weight-Topsis method is used to calculate the high-quality development level of the human resource service industry in China from 2012 to 2020, and the coupling and coordination of the five dimensions of high-quality development of the human resource service industry are further analyzed. The results show that the high-quality development level of China’s human resources service industry shows an overall increasing trend, and innovation contributes the most to the high-quality development of the human resources service industry. Opening up has the least contribution to the high-quality development of the human resources service industry. The average annual growth rate of innovation is the fastest, and the average growth rate of coordinated development is the slowest. From 2012 to 2020, the five dimensions of the high-quality development of the human resources service industry experienced three stages of rapid adjustment, gradual adaptation, and steady growth, realizing the interactive pattern of high coupling-high quality coordination. The main contributions of this research are as follows. Firstly, it puts forward the connotation of high-quality development of the human resources service industry and enriches the basic theoretical research of high-quality development of the human resources service industry. Secondly, the evaluation index system of high-quality development of the human resource service industry is constructed. Based on the statistical data from 2012 to 2020, this paper empirically tests the high-quality development level and dynamic evolution process of the human resource service industry in China, which expands the quantitative research on the high-quality development of the human resource service industry. Thirdly, based on the research results, it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of the human resources service industry, which has practical and guiding significance for the development of the human resources service industry.
LIN Longfei;ZHU Zhongkun
Journal of Macro-quality Research,2022,No. 05
As an important link in the reform of the household registration system, the residence permit is an important way to cross the boundary between urban and rural household registration and make migrant workers live and work in the city. However, the existing literature lacks direct empirical evidence of residence permits on the high-quality employment of migrant workers. On the one hand, as the key move of household registration reform, residence permit gives migrants many employment rights, which can improve the employment quality of migrant workers, and conforms to the original intention of residence permit to share the benefits of urban household registration and promote the population to live and work in peace and contentment. On the other hand, the employment rights given by residence permits are recognized as a kind of “short rights” in theory, which may not improve the employment quality of migrant workers, violate the original intention of residence permits, and cause the failure and bias of public policy. Based on the dynamic monitoring data of the floating population in China in 2017, this paper investigates the influence of residence permits on the employment quality of migrant workers and its mechanism. The findings are as follows. Firstly, residence permits will significantly improve the employment quality of migrant workers. After the main control variables, regional dummy variable, and industrial dummy variable are added, the conclusion is still valid. Secondly, in order to overcome the endogenous problem and selective bias of the empirical model, this paper uses the conditional mixed estimation method of instrumental variables for regression, corrects the possible selective bias by the propensity score matching method and the test of missing variables, and finds that the results still support the positive effect of residence permit on improving the employment quality of migrant workers. Thirdly, the analysis of the intermediary effect shows that residence permits reduce the difficulty of finding jobs and then affect the employment quality of migrant workers, that is, the residence permit reduces the difficulty of finding jobs in the urban labor market and promotes the improvement of their employment quality. The possible marginal contributions of this paper are as follows. First, against the background of household registration reform, this paper provides new empirical evidence for the influence of residence permits on the employment quality of migrant workers, helps to clarify the positive policy effect of residence permits on the improvement of employment quality of migrant workers, and provides empirical support for the next-round optimization of the residence permit policy. Second, the study reveals the transmission mechanism of residence permit affecting the employment quality of migrant workers, answers the empirical question of why residence permit affects the employment quality of migrant workers, and enriches and expands the discussion on the correlation between the residence permit system and employment quality of migrant workers. Third, it studies the use of instrumental variable estimation based on mixed conditions, quasi-experimental propensity score matching method, and missing variable test to control potential endogenous problems. Compared with the direct linear regression method, it makes the research conclusion more general.
